Nut Origin, Mythology & Role | The Egyptian Sky Goddess. Bombe Creation, Use & WWII Role | The Code-Breaking Machine. The first patent specification was submitted by the inventor Abel Foullon for "Usaige & Description de l'holmetre" (a type of rangefinder). After the death of Louis VII in September 1180, the 15-year-old Philip II took the throne. While France lost territory as a result of the agreement, it gained some land near its border with the Holy Roman Empire and in the English territory of Calais. Alexander Hamilton & Maria Reynolds Affair | Fallout & the Reynolds Pamphlet. Gang of Four Overview & Impact | What was the Chinese Gang of Four? Northern Wei: History & Culture | What was the Northern Wei Dynasty? Ragnarok in Norse Mythology: Overview & Story | What is Ragnarok? Essenes: Overview, Beliefs & History | Who were the Essenes? Hosea Williams Overview & Civil Rights | Who was Hosea Williams? Presidents' Day History & Facts | Presidents' Day Overview. Fitnah Overview, History & Significance | What is Fitna? Xiuhtecuhtli History & Ceremonies | Who is the Aztec God of Fire? Henry II, here standing on an oriental carpet, continued the policy of Franco-Ottoman alliance of his father Francis I. Painting by Franois Clouet. St. Brice's Day Massacre: History & Facts | Who was King Aethelred? Rainier III, Prince of Monaco: Life & Reign | Who was Rainier III? Windsor Castle History & Fire | Where is Windsor Castle? Monarchy Overview & Examples | What is a Monarchy? The Akedah Overview & Significance | What was the Binding of Isaac? Cheka, the Soviet Secret Police | Origin, Purpose & Facts. On 30 June 1559, a tournament was held near Place des Vosges to celebrate the Peace of Cateau-Cambrsis with his longtime enemies, the Habsburgs of Austria, and to celebrate the marriage of his daughter Elisabeth of Valois to King Philip II of Spain. Holy Alliance History & Impact | What was the Holy Alliance? Rudy Giuliani Life & Career | Who is Rudy Giuliani? Queen Victoria Children & Facts | The Children of Queen Victoria. Adam Clayton Powell, Jr. Life & Career | Who was Adam Clayton Powell, Jr.? Paterfamilias Overview & History | Who was the Paterfamilias in Early Rome? During his reign, King Henry II oversaw the Italian War of 15511559, an effort to expand French authority in Western Europe against the powers of Spain, England, and the Holy Roman Empire. Baby Face Nelson Criminal Life & Facts | Who was Baby Face George Nelson? Serqet Overview & Mythology | Who is the Egyptian Goddess Serqet? Kaaba History & Purpose | What is the Kaaba? Islam Origin & History | When was Islam Founded? Roaring '20s History, Timeline & Overview | What was the Jazz Age? Maccabean Revolt: Overview & History | When was the Maccabean Revolt? Pelops History, Facts & Death | Who is Pelops in Greek Mythology? Kingdom of Italy | History, Geography & Flag. Echidna in Greek Mythology | Who is the Mother of Monsters? Manchester Ship Canal History & Facts | What is the Manchester Canal? Emperor Yangdi Biography & Controversy | Who was Yangdi of the Sui Dynasty? Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. Commonwealth of Independent States: History & Countries | What is the CIS? SA Overview, History & Facts | What was the Nazi Sturmabteilung? Key Accomplishments: A powerful force during the reigns of three successive kings, Catherine played a major role in 16th-century politics. Brundtland Commission Purpose & History | What was the Brundtland Report? Dacians: History, Kingdom & Facts | Where was Dacia? Cossacks Origin & Culture | Who are the Cossacks? King Francis I continued to wage wars against Spain and the Holy Roman Empire. He married Eleanor of Aquitaine on May 18, 1152. Monument to the Heart of Henry II, Louvre, Paris, sculpture of the Three Graces by Germain Pilon holding a replica of the urn that contained the king's heart. Apollo 15 Mission, Site & Crew | When Did Apollo 15 Launch? Aeneas of Troy: History, Family & Mythology | Who was Aeneas? Pahari People: History, Language & Culture | Who are the Paharis? Henry was married to Catherine of Medici on October 28, 1533 when he was only 14 . His elder daughter became queen after a bit of legal haggling (which, interestingly enough, had nothing to do with her gender). Matthew Henson Timeline & Accomplishments | Who was Matthew Henson? Price Revolution Timeline & Causes | What was the Price Revolution? Blockade History, Regulations & Examples | What is a Blockade? Despite the Pope supporting Francis, Charles won. Korean War Veterans Memorial | History, Location & Facts. Queen of Henry II of France - crossword puzzle clues & answers - Dan Word Queen of Henry II of France Today's crossword puzzle clue is a quick one: Queen of Henry II of France. Franciscan Order: History & Facts | What are Franciscan Friars? All Souls' Day: Origin & Facts | What is All Souls' Day? Henry II of France was a monarch who ruled France from 1547 to 1559. [6] At the tournament to honor his father's new bride, Eleanor, in 1531, Henry and Francis dressed as chevaliers, and Henry wore Diane's colors. Tulip Mania Overview & Crash | What was Tulip Mania? Gauchos Overview, History & Culture | Who were the Gauchos? Henry III (French: Henri III, n Alexandre douard; Polish: Henryk Walezy; Lithuanian: Henrikas Valua; 19 September 1551 - 2 August 1589) was King of France from 1574 until his assassination in 1589, as well as King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania from 1573 to 1575.. As the fourth son of King Henry II of France, he was not expected to inherit the French throne and thus was a good . The Norns in Norse Mythology | Names, Roles & Facts, Greek Influence on Rome | Overview, History & Contributions. Black & Tans Overview, History & Legacy | Black & Tans in Ireland. [9], He succeeded his father on his 28th birthday and was crowned King of France on 25 July 1547 at Reims Cathedral. Indra Origins & Legends | Who is the Hindu God of Rain? He succeeded his father as King of France in 1547. Likud Party in Israel: Politics & History | What is the Likud Party? The Immortals: Overview & History | Who were the Persian Immortals? France supported an allied duke, but the Holy Roman Empire (under Henry's father's rival King Charles) sent troops to occupy Parma. During his reign, France fought the Italian Wars for hegemony over Italy against the powerful Habsburg Dynasty of Austria. Unfortunately it was to be a short reign as Henry died in a jousting accident in 1559, thrusting Catherine onto the political stage. Mishnah History, Purpose & Facts | What is the Mishna? In a freak accident, he was stabbed through the eye by a shard from a lance, and after several days of suffering, he died of sepsis. -- old shipping label still attached to back panel. [12], The Edict of Chteaubriant (27 June 1551) called upon the civil and ecclesiastical courts to detect and punish all heretics and placed severe restrictions on Huguenots, including the loss of one-third of their property to informers, and confiscations. Arjuna The Pandava: Life, Legends & Characteristics | Who was Arjuna? Henry was a patron of Renaissance culture and was a lover of the . Heinrich Himmler Life & Nazi Role | Who was Hitler's Right Hand Man? Free shipping for many products! 1906 San Francisco Earthquake | Overview, Facts & Impact, Maya Architecture Overview & Examples | Pyramids, Temples & Palaces. Born: May 14, 1553 at Chteau de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France Died: March 27, 1615 in Paris France Known For: Born a princess of France; married Henry of Navarre, who eventually became the first Bourbon king of France. Their new queen was not of royal blood and she was Italian-- not a good combination according to the French. Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses. Radha Krishna: Story & Significance | Who are Krishna & Radha in Hinduism? Many historians and art critics believe that the armor is one of the most elaborate of its kind in France. Henry II (French: Henri II) (31 March 1519 - 10 July 1559) was a monarch of the House of Valois who ruled as King of France from 31 March 1547 until his death in 1559. Digital Equipment Corporation Computer | History, Legacy & Facts, Dawn Mission in NASA | Purpose, Results & Spacecraft Facts. Henry II (1519-59) was the second son of Francis I and became heir to the throne when his elder brother died in 1537. Duel Overview, History & Weapons | What is Dueling? Catherine's severe unpopularity with the French people became greater than ever. Fenrir Stories, Symbol & Facts | Fenris-Wolf in Norse Mythology, Ares and Aphrodite | Mythology, Relationship & Children. She was also an influential patron of the . It took eleven years for Henry and Catherine to have children. In 1519, Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I of House Habsburg died. World's Fair: History & Legacies | What is the World's Fair? Atlantis History, Myths & Facts | Where is the Lost City of Atlantis? A statement piece in any room and comfortable in any decor. Charlotte died at the age of 7, and Francis died at 18. [2] To obtain his release, it was agreed that Henry and his older brother Francis be sent to Spain in his place. Koh-i-Noor Diamond: History & Origin | The Koh-i-Noor as Crown Jewel, Greek Creation Myth: Summary & Gods | The Creation in Greek Mythology. Cadmus, Founder of Thebes: History & Mythology | Who was Cadmus? Miracle on the Hudson | US Airways Flight 1549 & Sully Sullenberger, Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus | History, Acts & Impact, Adi Granth Overview & History | Sikhism Sacred Text. Ruby Ridge Siege Overview & Outcome | What Happened at Ruby Ridge? Ghetto Overview, History & Facts | What is a Ghetto? He would burn heretics alive and cut out the tongue of anyone who dared utter a word of dissent against the Catholic Church. Python in Greek Mythology: Role & Location | What was the Python? Henry III of France: Family, Reign & Death | Who was Henry III? These acquisitions strengthened French borders while the abdication of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor in January 1556 and division of his empire between Spain and Austria provided them with greater flexibility in foreign policy. Arianism in Christianity: History & Controversy | What is Arianism? In addition to the ten children Henry had with Catherine de' Medici, he had at least three illegitimate children with other women, including a daughter, Diane, and two sons both named Henri. Freikorps Overview & History | What was the Free Corps? Roc Bird History, Mythology & Facts | What is the Roc Mythology? Aztec Architecture: Structures & Design | Temples, Homes & Buildings. Fort Wagner History, Battles & Facts | Where is Battery Wagner? STS-107 Overview, Mission & Crew | Columbia Space Shuttle Disaster. Daimons Overview & Facts | Ancient Greek Mythological Demons. In 1557, he was briefly betrothed to marry Mary, Queen of Scots when his father attempted to legitimize Sebastian and make him his heir, but the marriage was called . While England's Henry II was locked in combat with his rebellious offspring, Philip and his loyal son, Louis, steadily consolidated the scattered territories of their little kingdom. Under the April 1559 Peace of Cateau-Cambrsis which ended the Italian Wars, France renounced its claims in Italy, but gained certain other territories, including the Pale of Calais and the Three Bishoprics. He persevered in the Italian Wars against the Habsburgs and tried to suppress the Reformation, even as the Huguenot numbers were increasing drastically in France during his reign. He earned a B.A. Ptolemaic Dynasty | Pharaohs, Family Tree & Timeline, The Mousterian Industry | History, Tools & Techniques. Athena Parthenos: Overview & History | Statue of Athena in the Parthenon. The following year, he became romantically involved with a thirty-five-year-old widow, Diane de Poitiers. One of these conflicts was the Italian War of 15511559, a dispute over who ruled the Duchy of Palma in northern Italy. The Red Fort in India | Construction, History & Use of Lal Qila. Ecumenism Principle, Overview & History | What is Ecumenism? Some were burned at the stake, while others had their tongues cut from their mouths. Michael Overview, History & Facts | Who is the Archangel Michael? Children: 10, including Francis II of France; Charles IX of France; Henry III of France; Margaret of Valois and Francis . Pasiphae, Wife of King Minos: Mythology & Family | Who was Pasiphae? These included a daughter, Diane, and two illegitimate sons, both of whom were named Henri. Emperor Justinian I Biography & Facts | Who was Justinian the Great? Via Appia Overview & History | Significance of the Appian Way. Henry II also had three illegitimate children: Henri or Henry has had four notable portrayals onscreen: He was played by a young Roger Moore in the 1956 film Diane, opposite Lana Turner in the title role and Marisa Pavan as Catherine de Medici.[39]. Henry II was the King of France from 1547 to 1559. During Charles' reign, tensions between Catholics and Protestants escalated into the French Wars of Religion. Create your account. Wallis Simpson Overview, Children & Life | Who was Wallis Simpson? El Porfiriato History & Significance | Who was Porfirio Diaz? Trojan Horse Story & Meaning | Was the Trojan Horse Real? United Nations Secretary-General | Origin, Role & List. Circus Maximus History, Facts & Uses | What was the Circus Maximus? Animals in Space: Overview & Facts | What was the First Animal in Space? Patrick Henry's Speech: Quotes & Analysis | Who was Patrick Henry? [21], Henry II was an avid hunter and a participant in jousts and tournaments. He was born in the royal Chateau de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, near Paris. Grand Duchy of Tuscany | Overview, History & Significance. The Bismarck Battleship: Overview & Facts | What was the Bismarck? Lamia Myths & Facts | Who is Lamia in Greek Mythology? The Black Watch Origin & Purpose | Who were the Royal Highlanders? RMS Carpathia Voyages & Wreck | What Ship Rescued the Titanic? Melanesia People & Countries | What is Melanesia? Sea Serpent Mythology, History & Facts | Mythical Sea Dragon. Mariel Boatlift History & Significance | What was the Mariel Boatlift? Blackshirts Overview, History & Facts | Who were the Blackshirts? Battle of Saipan Overview & Invasion | Who Won the Battle of Saipan? Henry II The Man and His Family Thomas Becket Wars Administration and The Origins of Common Law Richard I Lionheart England under Angevin Rule Parliamentary Origins in England Common Law: A Law of Real Property The Barons Revolt and Magna Carta The Struggle of Henry III and His Barons Parliament Coalesces Later Medieval England Government Henry III [3] They remained in captivity for over four years. In 1525, King Francis himself led an army against Milan, but he was defeated in battle and captured. Typhoid Mary Overview & History | Who was Typhoid Mary? The Four Varnas in Hinduism | Overview, History & Texts. Mesopotamian Priests: History & Overview | What were Mesopotamian Priests? Medusa in Greek Mythology: Story & Role | Who Killed Medusa? Apostle Paul Life & Significance | Who was Saint Paul in the Bible? GRU in Russia: Overview, History & Facts | What is the GRU? Simultaneously, the continuation of his father's Franco-Ottoman alliance allowed him to invade the Rhineland while a Franco-Ottoman fleet defended southern France. When his elder brother Francis died in 1536 after a game of tennis, Henry became heir apparent to the throne. Ultimately, Henry II died in 1559 as a result of a jousting accident. Henry, flamboyant and androgynous, was, according to the BBC, Catherine's favorite son. Forbidden City Overview & Facts | What is the Forbidden City? Phaedra Overview & Facts | Who is Phaedra in Greek Mythology? Vesta Mythology & Facts | Who is the Roman Goddess of Hearth & Home? Psyche: Mythology & History | Who was the Greek Goddess of the Soul? Antonine Wall in Scotland | History, Construction & Map, The Anunnaki in Sumerian Mythology | Gods, Origin & History. Continuation of an Extremely Popular Shield Stacker Series! Despite being cared for by the prominent physicians Ambroise Par and Andreas . Franc Currency History & Use | Which Countries Use Francs? Persian Gods: Overview & Mythology | Ancient Iranian Deities. Catherine's marriage was also not very pleasant. Syndicalism Overview, Symbol & Flag | What is Syndicalism? 1776 in American History | Overview, Facts & Significance, Antebellum Architecture | Style, Characteristics & History. Ernest Shackleton Expeditions & Legacy | Who was Ernest Shackleton? [16], After the abdication of Charles V in 1556, the Habsburg empire was split between his son Philip II of Spain and brother Emperor Ferdinand I. Battle of the Sexes | Billie Jean King vs Bobby Riggs. Norse Creation Myth: Summary & Names | What is the Norse Creation Story? Serapis, Graeco-Egyptian God: Mythology & History | Who was Serapis? Persecution of Protestants at home did not prevent him from becoming allied with German Protestant princes at the Treaty of Chambord in 1552. Gibbet History, Facts, & Examples | What is Gibbeting? Judgement of Paris Mythology & Facts | What is the Apple of Discord? The marriage had been arranged to cement the recent peace treaty of Cateau-Cambrsis that ended a series of wars with the Spanish for the control of Italy. Silver Standard Origin & History | What was the Silver Standard? Cyprus Location, Map & People | Where is Cyprus? Francis was then followed by his brother, King Charles IX. Tyr, Norse God of War | Origins, Attributes & Mythology, Triton God of the Sea | Overview, Mythology & Significance. Younger Brothers: Members & Role | Who were the Younger Brothers? Sulis, Celtic Goddess: Mythology & History | Who was Sulis? Dagda Mythology & Symbols | Who is Dagda in the Celtic Pantheon? On Henry's death, his son became king, but he died young. Bohemian Grove History, Members & Facts | What is the Bohemian Grove? Saints Overview & Role in the Catholic Church | What is a Saint? Buttons History, Types & Uses | When Were Buttons Invented? Gamal Abdel Nasser Biography, Facts & Books | Who was President Nasser? John Nash, Mathematician: Life & Career | Who was John Nash? White House History, Facts & Location | When was the White House Built? He restored and extended royal authority, supervised great legal reforms, and clashed with Thomas Becket. Ixion Overview & Facts | Who is Ixion in Greek Mythology? Knight History, Ranks & Facts | What was a Medieval Knight? Henry II was a fervent Catholic on the edge of fanaticism, and was the initiator of the religious war against the Huguenots. Early Twentieth Century U.S. History | America in the Early 1900s. He also persecuted Protestants and dragged his kingdom into an unsuccessful war against Spain and the Holy Roman Empire. Died: 5 January 1589, France. The Athanasian Creed Overview & Significance | What is the Athanasian Creed? Learn about King Henry II's illegitimate children, his heir Francis II, and the jousting accident that led to his death. Roman Consuls: Overview, Role & Term | What was a Consul? Jord, Norse Earth Goddess | Mythology, Family & Names, Belenus Mythology, Cult & Facts | The Celtic God of Fire, Appeasement in World War II | Overview, History & Policy, Compromise Tariff of 1833 History & Facts | The Tariff of 1833. copyright 2003-2023 Study.com. Free shipping for many products! Nostradamus also served King Henry as physician and astrologer. As Henry II and his sons fought amongst themselves, a new king of France emerged. Tower of Hercules | History, Mythology & Location, NY Regents Exam - Global History and Geography: Test Prep & Practice, Western Civilization I: Certificate Program, High School World History: Help and Review, NY Regents Exam - US History and Government: Test Prep & Practice, Middle School World History: Homeschool Curriculum, Western Europe Since 1945: Certificate Program, The March on Washington in 1963: Definition, Facts & Date, Stokely Carmichael: Quotes, Black Power Speech & Biography, What is an Almshouse? Codex: Examples & Role in Book History | What is a Codex? Catherine and Henry II of France had many other children as well, including Elisabeth, Claude, Louis, Charles (who would also be king), Henry (another king), Margaret, another Francis, Victoire, and Joan. The war did not go well; the Pope sided with Charles, the French armies were repelled, the English invaded, and Francis' key general betrayed him. Roman Dictators: History, Role & Selection. Henry was born in Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France, on March 31, 1519.His parents were Francis I of France and Claude of France.. Gospel of Luke in the New Testament | Summary & Analysis, Amazons: History & Depictions | Warrior Women of Greek Mythology. Hitler Youth Program & Overview | What was the Hitler-Jugend? Continuing the policies of his father, Henry II persecuted French Protestants. Rodney King Beating, Trial & Verdict | 1992 Los Angeles Riots. Annie Oakley Biography & Accomplishments | Who was Annie Oakley? Osama Bin Laden Family & 9/11 | Who was Osama Bin Laden? After his older brother's and his father's death in . Parade armor of Henry II of France. Viking 1 Overview, Mission & Facts | Viking 1 Spacecraft on Mars, Plantagenet Dynasty, Rulers & Family Tree | House of Plantagenet. Q Source Overview, History & Facts | What is the Q Gospel? When Henry II King of England was born on 5 March 1133, in Le Mans, Sarthe, Pays de la Loire, France, his father, Geoffroy V Plantagenet - Comte d'Anjou, was 19 and his mother, Matilda of England Kaiserin des Heiligen Rmischen Reiches, was 31. Orpheus in Greek Mythology: Overview & Facts | Who is Orpheus? He was the "spare". Henry also contended with the rise of Protestantism in his country. All rights reserved. Secretariat: Life & Records | Who was the Racehorse Secretariat? There are about 20 sketches from the 16 th century which many historians believe were made by Delaune. Roman Castra: History, Camps & Layout | What were Roman Forts? Nekhbet, Egyptian Goddess: Mythology & Symbol | Who was Nekhbet? Letters of Marque History & Facts | What is a Letter of Marque & Reprisal? Act of Supremacy in 1534 | Overview, History & Significance, Khmer Rouge Regime | History, Leaders & Cambodian Genocide. Seven Cities of Gold Mythology & Facts | Seven Cities of Cibola, Yonaguni Monument History & Facts | The Underwater Japanese Pyramid, Amiens Cathedral in France | History, Architecture & Interior, Ise Grand Shrine in Japan | Location, Origin & Significance. Branch Davidians & David Koresh | History, Beliefs & Waco Siege. England also joined the fight against France. Easter Overview, History & Facts | What is Resurrection Sunday? Nyx Overview, Mythology & Facts | Greek Goddess of the Night. His father was King Francis I of France, and his mother was Claude, the Duchess of Brittany (a region in France). Itzamna Overview, Mythology & Facts | Who is the Maya God Itzamna? Mary Tudor: Bloody Mary Biography & Facts | Who was Mary I of England? John Rawls Overview & Philosophy | Who was John Rawls? He had fashioned a large empire and made England a powerful nation. Country of Haiti: Map, Population & People | Where is Haiti? Stelae Overview, Purpose & Creation | What is a Stele? The second son of Francis I and Duchess Claude of Brittany, he became Dauphin of France upon the death of his elder brother Francis in 1536.. As a child, Henry and his elder brother spent over four years in captivity in Spain as hostages in exchange for their father. Henry became Duke of Normandy and Anjou following the death of his father, Geoffrey. Henry II was the King of France from 1547 to 1559. [30] Francis II was succeeded by his ten-year-old brother Charles IX. Io in Greek Mythology: History & Facts | Who is Io in Greek Mythology? They were kept under house arrest for several years before their release, which traumatized them. The Fates Deities & Myths | Who were the Moirai in Greek Mythology? Sebastian de Poitiers (1540-1561) was Master of Horse and Hunt of France and the illegitimate son of King Henry II of France. English Lord: Title, History & Role | What is a Lord? Elizabeth Woodville Reign, Siblings & Facts | Who was Elizabeth Woodville?